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EEC and CMEA in 1957-1973
Krejčová, Jana ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Lomíček, Jan (referee)
The relationship between the European Economic Community and the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance went through a major transformation between 1957 and 1973. This thesis argues that the institutional interactions between these two organizations were a logical consequence of their internal development. Both represented a regional economic integration and despite political and ideological differences they have been forced to establish a certain level of cooperation, due to the expanding contacts between the member states. After the signing of the Treaties of Rome, which founded EEC, CMEA refused to recognize de jure the existence of the Community and condemned it as a discriminatory capitalist organization. At the same time the Council passed reforms that were supposed to link its economies and strengthen the cohesion of the Eastern bloc. By adoption of the Statute of 1959, the CMEA established its internal structure and operating principles. The first success of the EEC, the pursuit of its own reforms and the UK application motivated CMEA to revise its attitude to the EEC for the first time. The Soviet leadership tried unsuccessfully to get through a supranational leadership of the CMEA - principle they criticized in the EEC for being discriminatory. After the appointment of de Gaulle as...
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Selected Socio-economic Aspects of Russian Integration in the Czech Republic
NOVOTNÁ, Tereza
This diploma thesis is a part of the project entitled Selected aspects of integration of foreigners living in the Czech Republic and their relation to social work (reg. no. GAJU 101/2022/S). It presents an insight into the issue of migration and integration of foreigners from a third country (Russians), from a social and economic perspective. The aim is to find and analyze selected socio-economic aspects related to the integration of Russians in the Czech Republic. Three hypotheses were chosen for the research. H1: Language proficiency of foreigners has an impact on their employment. Statistically significant relationships between language proficiency (communication skills, comprehension of written text, ability to write in the Czech language and satisfaction with one's own knowledge of the Czech language) and the observed economic aspects were demonstrated. On the other hand, there was no statistical correlation between the level of understanding of the spoken word in Czech and the other observed characteristics (questions 25-70 in the questionnaire). H2: Foreigners who have been in the Czech Republic for more than 5 years show a higher level of social inclusion. There was a statistically significant correlation between the arrival of Russian respondents and the subjective assessment of foreigners' integration into the Czech Republic. H3: Integration of the Russian minority is more difficult than it was before due to the invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation. The last hypothesis showed a weak test power (due to the number of respondents (3) who came to Czechia after the start of the war) and in addition, their answers differed from each other. The research methodology consisted of quantitative research, using an interview and a questionnaire. The research was carried out both online and by collection at the Centre for the Integration of Foreigners in Prague, where a total of 66 Russians participated. The scientific contribution of the thesis is mainly in understanding the Russian minority, mapping the individual aspects of integration in our country, but also highlighting the main problematic areas and their solutions, as well as who to turn to in which situation (state and non-state organizations).
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New Regionalism and Sub-Saharan Africa
Řehák, Vilém ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Lukáš, Ivan (referee)
The diploma thesis "New Regionalism and Sub-Saharan Africa" deals with the question of economic integration in Africa and its theoretical reflexion. First chapter deals with the question whether different integration theories are applicable to African reality or not. Author subsequently analyzes Pan-Africanism as a specifically African ideology, classical economic integration theories, classical theories of political science on integration and modern theories of political science, with the conclusion that neither of these theories provides explanation of speeding up African integration in recent years. Chapter two deals with the phenomenon of so-called "new regionalism" as a process in world economy, second part deals with different theoretical conceptions and theories trying to describe and theorize about this process. Chapter three briefly describes evolution of African integration from its colonial starts to the newest initiatives connected with the transformation of Organization of African Unity into African Union. Chapter four offers five case studies of integration in different regional organizations. Each case study outlines starting position in 1991 in the sense of creation of organization, its aims and evolution of integration up to signing of the Abuja Treaty creating African Economic...
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How Common Currency Influences the Business Cycles in Central and East European Countries.
Wang, Yue ; Semerák, Vilém (advisor) ; Li, Yating (referee) ; Jeřábek, Petr (referee)
This paper investigates how the introduce of single currency influence on the synchronization of business cycles in Central Eastern European Countries. The Hodrick-Prescott filter is applied to extract the cyclical component of real GDP for fifteen European countries and the Vector Autoregression models are applied to further investigate the influence of fiscal policy on regional economies. A database of quarterly real GDP for business cycles and quarterly current account for fiscal variables for the period: 1995Q1-2019Q4 is constructed. The main results of the study can be summarized as follows. The establishment of Economy Monetary Union has significantly increased the level of co-movement across euro area member states. There is a high degree of synchronization of business cycles in core countries than periphery countries after the introduce of common currency. For CEEC-7 including non-Eurozone countries (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland) and Eurozone countries (Estonia, Germany, Slovakia, Slovenia), clusters in correlation exist because their GDP reacts differently to the fiscal shocks especially after the global financial crisis and ongoing euro area crisis. Key words business cycle synchronization; Economic integration; Fiscal policy; VAR
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A comparison of Ukrainian economic migrants in Poland and the Czech Republic after 2014: networks, migration policies and integration indicators
Bondariev, Oleksandr ; Klípa, Ondřej (advisor) ; White, Anne (referee) ; Svoboda, Karel (referee)
1 Abstract After the Euromaidan revolution, Ukraine has faced an annexation of Crimea and the War of Donbas, with the subsequent economic crisis hurting the living standards of the population. It has led many to travel abroad, as economic migrants, to find better conditions for work and residence. Many Ukrainians started working in Poland and the Czech Republic, becoming the largest group of foreigners there. This dissertation examines the differences between Ukrainians working in those two countries after 2014. Initially, this research discovers theories of migration and integration indicators, identifying key topics to focus on. Those topics are migrants' networks, migration policies of host countries and two integration indicators (real estate participation and human capital). The results suggest that migrants' networks successfully enhance social and economic integration of migrants, with a language factor playing a crucial role. Furthermore, it is important to note social integration largely depends on the willingness to integrate, and it is not always the case. This dissertation shows that Polish migration policies treat Ukrainian economic migrants more favourably than Czech migration policies, providing special treatment and easier access to the labour markets. However, a path to receive a...
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Economic Integration of European Union and Latin America
ČABRÁDEK, Ondřej
My diploma thesis is focused on economic integration between European Union and Southern Common Market, Mercosur. The aim of my thesis is to analyze current relationship between those two parties, compare their treaties and discuss the pros and cons of Association Agreement between EU and Mercosur. The work is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part, there are defined basic terms, such as integration, common market, free trade area, custom union and so on. Treaties that led to the establishing of EU and Mercosur are described as well. In practical part there is analysis of current relationship between EU and Mercosur. Furthermore, there is comparison of treaties of both parties, their similarities and differences. Lastly, SWOT analysis of Association Agreement was conducted and discussed.
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Analysis of the Advantages and Disadvantages of the Euro Adoption
Fábera, Luboš ; Bartošová, Jitka (advisor) ; Bína, Vladislav (referee)
The main objective of the Masters thesis is the identification of advantages and disadvantages of the Euro currency adoption. The analysis is focused on the differences in development of the individual economic indicators before and after joining the eurozone as well as the European Union as an entity. The economic indicators used are in the form of gross domestic product, inflation rate, foreign direct investment, long term interest rate and international business trade. For the analysis itself, a vast variety of methods has been utilised within both Microsoft Excel and SAS Enterprise Guide. The analytic results do cover the required content and points to fulfil the main aims and objectives of the thesis and can thus be used as a baseline for the most common theoretic arguments for and against the euro adoption.
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EEC and CMEA in 1957-1973
Krejčová, Jana ; Svoboda, Karel (advisor) ; Lomíček, Jan (referee)
The relationship between the European Economic Community and the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance went through a major transformation between 1957 and 1973. This thesis argues that the institutional interactions between these two organizations were a logical consequence of their internal development. Both represented a regional economic integration and despite political and ideological differences they have been forced to establish a certain level of cooperation, due to the expanding contacts between the member states. After the signing of the Treaties of Rome, which founded EEC, CMEA refused to recognize de jure the existence of the Community and condemned it as a discriminatory capitalist organization. At the same time the Council passed reforms that were supposed to link its economies and strengthen the cohesion of the Eastern bloc. By adoption of the Statute of 1959, the CMEA established its internal structure and operating principles. The first success of the EEC, the pursuit of its own reforms and the UK application motivated CMEA to revise its attitude to the EEC for the first time. The Soviet leadership tried unsuccessfully to get through a supranational leadership of the CMEA - principle they criticized in the EEC for being discriminatory. After the appointment of de Gaulle as...
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Integration of Turkey into the European Union
Švec, Ondřej ; Glazar, Ondřej (advisor) ; Dingová, Vilma (referee)
Integration into the European Union is a chance for candidate countries to catch up with the average income level in the current member states. This study shows economic impact of Turkey's membership on foreign trade between EU countries and Turkey and also shows impact on EU budget. To gauge the effect of Turkey's accession the gravity model of trade was used. It has been estimated that the trade effect of membership implies 60% increase in trade volume. The dynamic model find out that shared EU membership could lead to 5% increase in trade every year for next ten years and it could represent 1% annual growth rate of Turkey's GDP. Economic impact of growth in EU exports to Turkey will be rather small, more important for current EU members are consequences of Turkey's integration on EU budget. The estimated cost of subsidies for Turkey lies between 0.09% and 0.23% of EU's GDP assuming current financial framework. The total subsidies will amount up to 5.5% of Turkish GDP. These results suggest that EU membership, particularly its effect on trade and EU budget, could lead to large economic gains for the new member states with some costs for current EU members.
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Economic integration in the EU : competitiveness and convergence
Novak, Elza ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Makarova, Svetlana (referee)
The EU's lagging economic growth and global competitiveness require the pro- motion of technological innovation, the key determinant of long term economic growth. On the other hand, increasing disparities among EU member states require the promotion of convergence as they may threaten the EU's economic feasibility and political viability. Cohesion policy has adopted the dual role for the promotion of EU global competitiveness and EU economic cohesion; concepts incompatible by nature. The objectives of Europe 2020, specifically the promotion of technological innovation through investment in R&D, are as- sessed in terms of their compatibility with the objectives of Cohesion policy, specifically the reduction of disparities within the EU. An analysis of conver- gence in the EU determines that both beta convergence and sigma convergence are taking place, although large disparities in GDP per capita persist. An em- pirical analysis of the relative effects on GDP per capita of investment in R&D and investment in human capital determines that investment in human capital plays a significant role. Thus, key policy focus areas that meet the objectives of both Europe 2020 and Cohesion policy include investment in human capital as well as purposive diffusion of technology within the EU and the distribution of the...
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